RMSA
"National
Mission for Secondary Education") is a centrally sponsored scheme of the
Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India, for the
development of secondary education in public schools throughout India. It was
launched in March 2009. The implementation of the scheme has started from
2009-2010 to provide conditions for an efficient growth, development and equity
for all. The scheme includes a multidimensional research, technical consulting,
various implementations and funding support. The principal objectives are to
enhance quality of secondary education and increase the total enrollment rate
from 52% (as of 2005–2006) to 75% in five years, i.e. from 2009–2014.It aims to
provide universal education for all children between 15–16 years of age. The
funding from the central ministry is provided through state governments, which
establish separate implementing agencies. The total budget allocated during the
XI Five Year Plan (2002-2007) was 2,012 billion (US$30 billion).
This
scheme was launched in March, 2009 with the objective to enhance access to
secondary education and to improve its quality. The implementation of the
scheme started from 2009-10. It is envisaged to achieve an enrolment rate of
75% from 52.26% in 2005-06 at secondary stage of implementation of the scheme
by providing a secondary school within a reasonable distance of any habitation.
The other objectives include improving quality of education imparted at
secondary level through making all secondary schools conform to prescribed
norms, removing gender, socio-economic and disability barriers, providing
universal access to secondary level education by 2017, i.e., by the end of 12th
Five Year Plan and achieving universal retention by 2020.
Important physical facilities provided
under the scheme are:
(i) Additional class
rooms, (ii) Laboratories, (iii) Libraries, (iv) Art and crafts room, (v) Toilet
blocks, (vi) Drinking water provisions and (vii) Residential Hostels for
Teachers in remote areas.
Important quality interventions
provided under the scheme are:
(i) appointment of
additional teachers to reduce PTR to 30:1, (ii) focus on Science, Math and
English education, (iii) In-service training of teachers, (iv) science
laboratories, (v) ICT enabled education, (vi) curriculum reforms; and (vii)
teaching learning reforms.
Important equity interventions provided
in the scheme are:
(i) special focus in
micro planning (ii) preference to Ashram schools for up gradation (iii)
preference to areas with concentration of SC/ST/Minority for opening of schools
(iv) special enrolment drive for the weaker section (v) more female teachers in
schools; and (vi) separate toilet blocks for girls.
Implementation mechanism of the Scheme
The
scheme is being implemented by the State government societies established for
implementation of the scheme. The central share is released to the implementing
agency directly. The applicable State share is also released to the
implementing agency by the respective State Governments.
Revision of certain norms of the Scheme
The
Government of India has approved the following revised norms of RMSA, with
effect from 01.04.2013:
·
To
permit State/UT Governments to use State Schedule of Rates(SSOR) or CPWD Rate,
(whichever is lower) for construction of civil works permissible under the
RMSA.
·
To
increase the Management, Monitoring Evaluation and Research (MMER) from 2.2
percent to 4 percent of the total outlay under the programme, with 0.5 percent
of the 4 percent earmarked for national level and the rest of the 3.5 percent
as part of the State allocation. In cases of States where even with this
enhanced allocation of 3.5 percent MMER would not be adequate and would hamper
the activities under the head, within the 3.5 percent of the overall State MMER
component; variations across State/UTs can be approved by the PAB, subject to a
maximum of 5 percent of the outlay in any particular State/UT.
·
To
subsume the other Centrally Sponsored Schemes of Secondary Education–
Information and Communication Technology (ICT)@ School, Girls’ Hostel,
Inclusive Education for Disabled at Secondary Stage(IEDSS) and Vocational
Education(VE) in their existing form under the Umbrella of RMSA.
·
To
extend the benefits of RMSA to aided Secondary Schools (excluding
infrastructure support/core areas, i.e. Teacher’s salary and Staff salary) for
quality interventions as per RMSA umbrella schemes components for aided
schools.
·
To
continue existing fund sharing pattern of 72:25 for the remaining of the 12th
Plan the period for non-NER States and 90:10 for NER States (including Sikkim).
·
To
authorize the RMSA Project Approval Board (PAB) of the Ministry of Human
Resource Development to consider for approval Integrated Plan of the umbrella
scheme of RMSA, including the four subsumed Centrally Sponsored Schemes of
Secondary Education.
·
To
authorize the release of funds to the RMSA State Implementation Society
directly for all components of the RMSA umbrella scheme.
Education
provides the surest instrument for attaining sustainable development of a high
order in a country. In this regard, primary education acts as the basic
enabling factor for participation, freedom and overcoming of basic deprivation;
whereas secondary education facilitates economic development and establishment
of social justice. Over the years, liberalization and globalization have led to
rapid changes in scientific and technological world and have prompted the
general needs of improved quality of life and reduced poverty. This undoubtedly
necessitates the school leavers to acquire higher levels of knowledge and
skills than what they are essentially imparted with throughout the eight years
of elementary education. Also, a crucial stage in the educational hierarchy,
secondary education empowers children to aggrandise nations by preparing them
for higher education and also the world of work.
Following
the recommendations of New Education Policy of 1986 and Programme of Action,
1992 the Government of India initiated different schemes to support children of
secondary and higher secondary schools at different points in time. The IEDSS
(formerly IEDC), Girls’ Hostel, Vocational Education and ICT@schools schemes
were started with the overall objective of providing accessible, and relevant
secondary education of good quality in India. Started in 2009 in partnership
with State Government and Local Self Government, RMSA was the most recent
addition to these four existing schemes.
Rashtriya
Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan
The Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan is a flagship
scheme of Government of India, launched in March, 2009, to enhance access to
secondary education and improve its quality. The implementation of the scheme
started from 2009-10 to generate human capital and provide sufficient
conditions for accelerating growth and development and equity as also quality
of life for everyone in India. Largely built upon the successes of SSA and,
like SSA, RMSA leverages support from a wide range of stakeholders including
multilateral organisations, NGOs, advisors and consultants, research agencies
and institutions. The scheme involves multidimensional research, technical
consulting, implementation and funding support. Currently in its fourth year of
implementation, RMSA covers 50,000 government and local body secondary schools.
Besides this, an additional of 30,000 aided secondary schools can also access
the benefits of RMSA; but not infrastructure and support in core areas.
Objectives
·
The
scheme envisages to achieve a gross enrolment ratio of 75% from 52.26% in
2005-06 for classes IX-X within 5 years of its implementation, by providing a
secondary school within reasonable distance of any habitation.
·
Improve
the quality of education imparted at secondary level by making all secondary
schools conform to prescribed norms.
·
Remove
gender, socio-economic and disability barriers.
·
Provide
universal access to secondary level education by 2017, i.e. by the end of the
12th Five Year Plan
·
Enhance
and universalize retention by 2020
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